What Is a Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)?

It’s no secret that what you put in your body impacts both your short-term and long-term health. That’s why knowing exactly what’s in your tap water can help with more than just peace of mind. But where to begin? While Tap Score home water tests are a great way to stay informed, there are other resources that can help shed some light on the hidden contents of your tap, especially if you’re on a tighter budget.

If you’ve been suspicious about the smell, look or even taste of your utility’s tap water, you might want to consider a Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) to start finding answers.[1] But what is a CCR and how can you access one? We’ll answer all that and more below.

What Is a Consumer Confidence Report? 

Simply put, a CCR is a water quality report. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the purpose of these reports is to improve public health protection and provide information so that water consumers can make educated decisions regarding[2]: 

• Drinking water quality
• Drinking water treatment
• Drinking water supply management 

How Can I Receive My Consumer Confidence Report? 

Everyone who sources their water from a community water system (often called a utility) is entitled to an annual Consumer Confidence Report. City Water Project (BETA) is making CCRs available for people in every town and city across the United States. Otherwise, access to your CCR depends on your living situation. 

• If you live in a house: 
• You will most likely receive a copy of your CCR automatically through the mail from your local water utility each year. 
• If you live in a condominium or apartment: 
• If you are not responsible for your water bill, you might not receive a copy of your CCR directly to your mailbox. You can still access your water quality reports by contacting your building manager, calling your local water provider, or looking it up through your community water system’s website. If your community water system does not have a website, try searching for your area on the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), or try calling them or your local water district.[3]  
• If you get your water from a non-community water system but not a private well (i.e. a facility with its own water system or a system that provides water in a specific place like a campground or mobile home park): 
• You may need to contact a building manager or administrator. You can also search for your area on the SDWIS.  

Note: CCR’s are only available if you are on a community water system. People who receive their water from a private well do not receive CCRs, as private wells are not regulated by the EPA. If you are on a private groundwater well and would like more information, we recommend taking a look at the Center For Disease Control’s Private Groundwater Wells page.[4]

What Does a Consumer Confidence Report Tell You?

At first glance, CCRs can appear quite technical. But once you know what to look for, you can find a wealth of valuable information. All Consumer Confidence Reports are required to contain certain key pieces of information regarding:

• Your source water
• Definitions of water-related acronyms 
• Detected contaminants, their sources, and health effects 
• Monitoring of Cryptosporidium, Radon, and other contaminants—if detected 
• Compliance with drinking water regulations
• Educational information and resources 

All data on your CCR will be tailored to your local water utility. 

Interpreting a Consumer Confidence Report

Here’s a sample CCR (courtesy of the National Science Foundation):[5] 

What Does All of This Mean?

You can interpret each column of the CCR as the following: 

Column 1: The contaminant evaluated (e.g. Barium)
Column 2: The Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for the specified contaminant
Column 3: The Maximum Contaminant Level Goals for the specified contaminant (set by the EPA)
Column 4: The average concentration of the specified contaminant detected in your water
Column 5: The range of concentrations of the specified contaminant detected in your water (from multiple samples taken)
Column 6: Whether or not the concentration in your water violates the MCL
Column 7: A short explanation of the contaminant’s natural origins
Column 8: A short overview of the contaminant’s related health effects

What To Do If You Are Concerned About Your Consumer Confidence Report

Unfortunately, Consumer Confidence Reports may reveal some troubling news about the state of your water system, like chemicals or other contaminants present in your area. This could leave you feeling confused or concerned—and rightfully so! 

Nevertheless, if you are concerned about the content of your CCR, you have options. Along with calling your local water utility directly, some resources include:

• The EPA’s CCR Finder tool [6]
• The EPA’s CCR Frequent Questions page.[7] This is a good resource if you have general questions. 
• The EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) can also provide answers.[8]

Reminder: CCRs are not tap-specific. They only provide an average of water quality leaving the treatment plant. A lot can change when you factor in the state of your or your community’s plumbing infrastructure. 

Core Kit

Advanced City Water Test

111 Analytes Tested

$290.00

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Core Kit

Advanced City Water Test

111 Analytes Tested

Ideal baseline for testing tap water provided by a local water utility–including metals, minerals, and chlorine-related byproducts.

Regular price $290.00

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Core Kit

Essential Well Water Test

54 Analytes Tested

$199.00

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Core Kit

Essential Well Water Test

54 Analytes Tested

Ideal for regular testing of private or shared well water.

Regular price $199.00

Regular price $225.00 Sale price $199.00

Unit price /  per 

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QUICK VIEW

City Water Project

Consumer Confidence Reports are not perfect:

• They show only a limited number of contaminants
• They are largely performed by the water utility at the treatment plant
• They do not represent water quality in your home
• They are often difficult to find
• They are often complicated to read and understand
• At best, they show only LAST YEAR’s water quality

For these reasons, SimpleLab created City Water Project to give people a more timely and informative alternative to their CCR. While CWP is still in BETA, it is a service rolling out to every US State in 2022.

On City Water Project, not only can you find your utility’s CCR, but you can see all the data in higher resolution along with more detail and information about each contaminant detected in your neighborhood. 

Tap Score’s home testing kits are also a great resource if your questions were not sufficiently addressed by your CCR. Tap Score’s laboratory services can test for over 400 contaminants and will provide you with cutting edge water health analysis and unbiased treatment recommendations. 

Why Trust Tap Score?

We know how confusing it can be to find advice on water quality and treatment you can trust. That’s part of the reason we made Tap Score—to help improve the way you test and treat your drinking water.

• No affiliate links: Unlike most sites revolving around water quality, we do not take a cut from sales on filtration systems.
• Unbiased advice: Our blog is independently researched by our team of water scientists and designed to provide clarity on water quality, not to sell treatment products.
• Independent laboratory testing: Tap Score test results come from SimpleLab's third-party network of certified laboratories; in other words, accredited labs provide the data without conflicts of interest.
• Continuously updated: Science never rests. That’s why our content always reflects the latest developments in scientific research and regulatory standards.
• Always available: Our customer service team is the best in the industry and available anytime via chat to answer all your water quality questions.